The list
merah ‘red’
biru ‘blue’
kuning ‘yellow’
hijau ‘green’
hitam ‘black’
putih ‘white’
cokelat ‘brown’
abu-abu ‘grey’
oranye ‘orange’
ungu ‘purple’
merah muda ‘pink’
Two that explain themselves
Merah muda is literally ‘young red’, which is a better description of pink than the English word is. Muda also means young for people, and unripe for fruit.
Abu-abu is ‘ash’ doubled. Cokelat is the chocolate, borrowed and reused.
Word order
Colours are adjectives, so they follow the noun like every other adjective.
mobil merah ‘a red car’
baju putih ‘a white shirt’
And with no verb needed:
Mobilnya merah. ‘The car is red.’
Asking
Warna apa? ‘What colour?’
Ada yang biru? ‘Is there a blue one?’
That second sentence is worth keeping. Ada yang plus an adjective is how you ask a shopkeeper for a different version of something, and it works for size, price and material as well as colour.
Merah putih
Red and white is the flag, and Merah Putih is what Indonesians call it. You will see the phrase on buildings, on shirts and in speeches, especially around 17 August.